1.
Define a plan.
Answer:
A plan spells out how the resources of
a nation should be put to use. It should have some general goals as well as
specific objectives which are to be achieved within a specified period of time.
2.
Why did India opt for
planning?
Answer:
At the time of independence Indian
economy was in its worst stage. The GDP, National and per-capita income were
very low and unemployment was very high. The industrial growth was
insignificant and agriculture sector was not doing well. The resources were very
limited so India opt for planning because it spells out how resources of a
nation should be used efficiently and economically so the rate of growth can be
accelerated.
3.
Why should plans have
goals?
Answer:
We have limited resources and
unlimited wants. We may not achieve all our objectives in one go. So one much
set certain goals and plan to achieve them in specific time period. A plan may
have some general goals as well as some specific goals which are to be achieved
in specified period of time. Goals are desired achievements for which all the
efforts and resources are directed to achieve it.
4.
What are miracle (HYV)
seeds?
Answer:
Miracle seed are HYV seeds helpful in
increasing production of crops. The use of these seeds require fertiliser,
pesticides and irrigation facility to achieve their full potential. HYV seeds
have been the main stay of Green Revolution in India.
5.
What is marketable
surplus?
Answer:
Marketable surplus refers to the
difference between total output produced by a farmer and on farm consumption or
we can say the portion of agriculture produce which is sold in the market by
the farmers is called marketable surplus.
Marketable Surplus= Total farm output Produced
by a farmer - own consumption of farm
output.
6.
Explain the need and
type of land reforms implemented in the agriculture sector.
Answer:
At the time of independence the land
tenure system was characterised by intermediaries called zamindars. These
intermediaries charged high rent and paid no attention towards improvement of
land. This de-motivated the actual tiller as a result the productivity was very
low. So land reforms were introduced:
Abolition of intermediaries
Consolidation of Holdings
Regulation of Rent
Ceiling on land
Redistribution of land.
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