British
followed systematic de-industrialisation by destroying the handicraft industry.
The primary motive behind deindustrialisation was twofold:
(i)
To get raw material from
India at cheap rate and to make India an exporter of raw material for British
Industries
(ii)
To sell British
manufactured goods in Indian Market at higher prices in this way they exploited
India through the device of double taxation.
Q The traditional handicrafts industries were ruined under the
British rule. Do you agree with this view? Give reasons in support of your answer.
Answer:
India’s handicraft industry was a world famous industry and it
was becoming difficult for British to sell their machine manufactured items.
Therefore they adopted a policy of systematic de industrialisation and develop
India as an exporter of raw material and a market for British Goods.
British adopted a discriminatory tariff policy and kept the raw
material tax free and imposed heavy taxes on export of handicrafts. Market was
flooded with cheap manufactured goods and thus India’s rich handicraft industry
declined.
Q What objectives did the British intend to achieve through their policies
of infrastructure development in India?
Some infrastructure industries like railways, posts and
telegraph, ports, etc. developed during British period but their aim was to
serve their own colonial interest.
·
To have effective control
and administration over vast Indian territory. For this they joined India’s
military centres and administrative centres through railway lines.
·
To earn profit from
foreign trade they linked railways with major ports and marketing centres.
·
To create an opportunity
for profitable investment of British funds in India.
·
To mobilise army within
India and carry out raw material through roads to the nearest railway station
or port to send them to Britain.
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